Political Overview
Argentina is a federal presidential republic with its capital and largest city in Buenos Aires, which serves as the political and economic hub of the nation. The country is divided into 23 provinces and the autonomous city of Buenos Aires, each with its own constitution and governor. Argentina’s democratic institutions date back to the 1853 Constitution (amended several times), and the government is comprised of an executive branch led by the President, a bicameral National Congress, and an independent judiciary. Over the years, Argentina has navigated periods of economic fluctuation and political change, asserting its role as one of South America’s largest economies and a founding member of organizations such as Mercosur and the G20.
Cultural Heritage and Identity
Argentine culture is renowned globally for its vibrant expressions of music, dance, and sport. The sultry rhythms of the tango, which originated in the late 19th century in Buenos Aires’ working-class neighborhoods, have become emblematic of Argentina’s national identity and attract enthusiasts from around the world. Argentina is also celebrated for its gaucho traditions on the Pampas where horseback riding and folkloric festivals honor the legacy of the South American cowboy and for its culinary delights, especially the famed asado (barbecue). On the international stage, Argentina is perhaps best recognized for its deep passion for football, having produced legendary players and multiple FIFA World Cup victories that have cemented the country’s reputation in global sports.
Geographical Landscape, Area and Climate
Spanning approximately 2,780,400 km², Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world and the second-largest in South America. Its diverse topography ranges from the snow-capped Andes Mountains in the west to the fertile Pampas grasslands at its heart, and the windswept plains of Patagonia in the south a major tourism area known for glaciers, wildlife, and dramatic scenery. The country also shares the breathtaking Iguazú Falls in the northeast with Brazil, one of the most visited natural attractions globally. Argentina’s climate varies from subtropical in the north to subpolar in the far south, with most regions experiencing temperate conditions that support agriculture, viticulture, and year-round tourism.
