Political Overview
Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is a unitary parliamentary republic and a member of the European Union since 2004. Its capital city is Valletta, a fortified city founded in the 16th century and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its rich Baroque architecture and historic fortifications. The Maltese Parliament sits in the Grandmaster’s Palace, and the president elected by the legislature serves as head of state, while executive power rests with the prime minister and cabinet. Over the years, Malta has garnered international recognition for its strategic geopolitical position in the central Mediterranean, having served historically as a crossroads of trade, culture, and military importance for European, North African, and Middle Eastern powers.
Cultural Heritage and Identity
Maltese culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from its Phoenician, Roman, Arab, Norman, and British legacies. The Maltese language, a Semitic tongue written in the Latin alphabet, is central to national identity and one of the EU’s 24 official languages. Malta’s cultural calendar is packed with festas village feasts honoring patron saints complete with fireworks, marching bands, and traditional food. The archipelago is globally recognized for its prehistoric megalithic temples such as Ħaġar Qim and Mnajdra which date back to around 3600 BCE and stand among the world’s oldest free-standing structures. These temples draw archaeology enthusiasts and casual tourists alike, helping to position Malta as a premier destination for cultural heritage tourism.
Geographical Landscape, Area and Climate
Situated some 80 km south of Sicily, Malta comprises three main islands Malta, Gozo, and Comino and several smaller islets, covering a total land area of just over 316 km². The terrain is predominantly low and rocky, with an indented coastline featuring narrow creeks and natural harbors such as Marsamxett and the Grand Harbour. Malta enjoys a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters, making it an attractive year‑round destination, particularly for sun‑seekers and water-sport enthusiasts. The crystal‑clear waters of the Blue Lagoon on Comino and the dramatic cliffs of Gozo’s Dwejra Bay are among the natural landmarks for which Malta is renowned worldwide.
